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Valencia Chemical Bond

CHEMICAL BOND
The unit I learned that chemistry is a science that is responsible for studying matter and its transformations also define the atom as the smallest particle of an element there, which is composed of electrons, protons and neutrons and can participate in a chemical reaction. Now analyze the chemical bond as the force that holds together two atoms or ions of opposite charge. But by joining the atoms, matter undergoes a transformation, and likewise, if we break this union, we are making a change in the structure of matter, so we can say that any transformation in the matter exists or break training chemical bonds, hence the importance of understanding how a bond is formed. DEFINITION OF CHEMICAL BOND
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is the force that holds together two atoms or ions of opposite charge. CHEMICAL LINKS

1. Ion
2. Covalent. Non-polar, Polar, Coordinated
3. Metallic
4. Intermolecular forces. Hydrogen bond, Van der Waals forces
is important to remember that the links, the electrons play an important role, because in order to form there must be gain, loss or sharing of electrons between atoms that bind.
Example: look at the structure or electronic configuration of the element lithium (Li): Li3
1s2 2s1 valence shell
When compared with the noble gas helium (He) 1s2 He2

We realize that lithium, to acquire the configuration of helium, it makes up an electron. If lithium removes some form an electron, to stay with a proton more and, therefore, with an electric charge of + 1, then have the stable electronic configuration of noble gases:
Li3 1s2 2s1 Li + 1s2
I 1s2
now work with electronic configuration of chlorine (Cl): CL17
1s2 2s2 3s2 2P6 3P5 2P6
Ar18 1s2 2s2 3p6 3s2
purchase order for the chlorine argon configuration, it lacks an electron. If you somehow get the chlorine needed to achieve the electron configuration of argon, an electron will have more and, therefore, an electric charge of -1. Ie CL17
1s2 2s2 3s2 2P6 3P5 + e-Cl-2P6 2s2 1s2 3s2 1s2 2s2 3p6
Ar18 3s2 3p6 2P6
Now if combined lithium, you need to remove an electron, and chlorine that requires an electron, both acquire the settings stable noble gas, in this way is obtained the so-called lithium chloride:
Li · + Cl Li + Cl-
1s2 2s1 1s2 2s2 2P6 3S2 3P5 1s2 1s2 2s2 2P6 3s2 3p6