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Stability of atoms

CHEMICAL BOND Stability of atoms
Development
the following atomic orbitals. 2HE
1s2 1s2 2s2
10Ne 18Ar
2P6 2P6 1s2 2s2 3p6 3s 2
3s 2P6 36Kr 23p6 1s2 2s2 4s2 4p6 3d10 1s2
54Xe 3s 23p6 2P6 2s2 4p6 3d10 4s2 5p6 5S2 4D10
86Rn 3s 23p6 2P6 1s2 2s2 4p6 3d10 4s2 5S2 4D10 5p6 6S2 6p6 5d10 4f14

1s 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f
2s 2p fill these orbitals with the number of electrons corresponding
3s 3p 3d.
4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 5f

6s 6p 6d 6f 7s 7p 7d 7f


How is the water molecule?
Both hydrogen and oxygen gain stability by sharing electrons.
8O +2 O 2p2 2s2 2p1
1s2 2p1 + 1s2 2s2 1S1 +1 s1 2p2 2p2 2p2 + H-H-
Oxygen won two electrons that takes the sub +2 and the hydrogen index lost 1 electron each therefore carries sub index -1.
Examples:
Writes electronic configuration of each of the following ions;

26Fe 17Cl
53I
47Ag 29Cu
Notes
who won and who lost electrons
Stresses ions have a noble gas electron configuration;
-2O
2P6 1s2 2s2 +2 Ca 2s2 1s2 3s2 3p6 2P6
+3 Fe (Ar) 4s2 3D3-3P
2P6 1s2 2s2 3p6 3s2 1s2 2s2-3N
2P6
We conclude that an atom takes on the stability of a noble gas to win, lose or share electrons in their valence shell when combined with other atoms forming chemical bonds. If the valence electrons are involved in the combination of atoms, then, to define valence as
COMBINATION BUILDING AN ATOM