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Chemical Reactions Chemical Reactions II

CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Continued part II

Contiunuando with the type of reactions that we are reviewing now propose the following mathematical model: A + BC ---------------------
- AC + B
This type of reaction is known as "simple substitution" is defined as one in which the atoms of a moving element in a compound the atoms of another element. It should be noted that the shift happens as long as the substituent atom (A), have greater activity than the substituted atom (B).
Examples:
Zn + 2HCl ↑ ----------------------- ZnCl2 + H2 Fe + H2S
------------ ------------ FeS + H2 ↑ ------------------------- 2HBr
Cl2 + 2HCl + Br 2 ↑
Finally, we describe another type of reaction is generally carried out in solution water, where ions are present and there is an exchange between them. This type of reaction is called "double replacement" and is presented by the following mathematical model:
A + B + C + D -------------------- ------- A + D + C + B
Examples:
HCl + NaOH NaCl + ---------------------------
H2O AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO3 ----------------------
---------------- BaSO4 + NaHCO3 ------------------------ Ba (HCO3) + Na2SO4 conclude

that in accordance with the formation or breaking of the bonds of the substances involved in chemical reactions, they can be classified into four types:
1. Abstract: A + B AB
------------- 2. Analysis: ---------------- A + B AB Energy

3. Simple substitution: A + BC AC + B
--------------- 4. Double Replacement: AB + CD AD + CB
-----------------
To successfully complete the chemical reaction products must observe the following rules:
1. Enter the symbol of the elements involved.
2. Write the oxidation number of each item.
3. The element with oxidation number positive (metal) or cation, is always on the left.
4. The element with a negative oxidation number (no metal) or anion, is always on the right.
5. Exchange as subscripts the oxidation numbers of each element, ignoring the sign.
6. The algebraic sum of oxidation numbers of elements, multiplied by the subscripts must be equal to zero.
7. The oxidation number of hydrogen in its compounds is + 1, except in the case of metal hydrides is 1.
8. The oxidation number of oxygen in its compounds is 2, except in peroxides, which is 1.
9. All elements in pure or uncombined have the oxidation number zero.